TOMATO PACHADI

img_9949I am aware of two different terms used to describe this yogurt concoction, one is pachadi, and the other is raita.  The former word is more commonly used in southern India and the latter is more common in northern India.  In our home, we use these terms interchangeably, since in essence, we are referring to the same thing.  I am sure, to others, there may be a distinction.  The only thing I have noticed that may help distinguish them is that in my Grandmother’s pachadi,  you will note the addition of tempered mustard seeds, which she tells me is traditional, but definitely not necessary in a pinch.

This tomato pachadi can be used as a side for many entrees, particularly to many that are Indian. The main ingredient in pachadi is yogurt, which is the perfect cooling agent to a spicy dish, it can also act as a dipping sauce, and leftover pachadi can even be used as a salad dressing. The interesting thing about this recipe is that it doesn’t have to be a tomato pachadi, it can be a grated carrot, cucumber, onion, sauteed okra or bell pepper pachadi or a combination of any and all of the ingredients you are brave enough to try.  Although, if you asked my Grandmother she would raise her eyebrow and tell you that I was wrong.  My favourite will always be my Grandmother’s fried okra pachadi.

The optional step of this recipe is to add tempered mustard seeds to the pachadi, it will impart a slightly toasted-smokey flavour to your pachadi.  Tempering mustard seeds is quite easy, it only takes a minute or two,  it involves frying black mustard seeds in oil, till they crackle and pop.

INGREDIENTS

2 cups of yogurt, low fat, the non-thick kind
1 tomato, chopped, alternatively use grated carrot, chopped cucumber, onion, or sauteed bell pepper, okra
2 tablespoons coriander, chopped
1/2 a chile, trimmed, chopped
1/8 teaspoon ground asafoetida
1/4 teaspoon black mustard seeds (optional)
1/2 teaspoon of vegetable oil
salt to taste

METHOD

img_9949I am aware of two different terms used to describe this yogurt concoction, one is pachadi, and the other is raita.  The former word is more commonly used in southern India and the latter is more common in northern India.  In our home, we use these terms interchangeably, since in essence, we are referring to the same thing.  I am sure, to others, there may be a distinction.  The only thing I have noticed that may help distinguish them is that in my Grandmother’s pachadi,  you will note the addition of tempered mustard seeds, which she tells me is traditional, but definitely not necessary in a pinch.

This tomato pachadi can be used as a side for many entrees, particularly to many that are Indian. The main ingredient in pachadi is yogurt, which is the perfect cooling agent to a spicy dish, it can also act as a dipping sauce, and leftover pachadi can even be used as a salad dressing. The interesting thing about this recipe is that it doesn’t have to be a tomato pachadi, it can be a grated carrot, cucumber, onion, sauteed okra or bell pepper pachadi or a combination of any and all of the ingredients you are brave enough to try.  Although, if you asked my Grandmother she would raise her eyebrow and tell you that I was wrong.  My favourite will always be my Grandmother’s fried okra pachadi.

The optional step of this recipe is to add tempered mustard seeds to the pachadi, it will impart a slightly toasted-smokey flavour to your pachadi.  Tempering mustard seeds is quite easy, it only takes a minute or two,  it involves frying black mustard seeds in oil, till they crackle and pop.

INGREDIENTS

2 cups of yogurt, low fat, the non-thick kind
1 tomato, chopped, alternatively use grated carrot, chopped cucumber, onion, or sauteed bell pepper, okra
2 tablespoons coriander, chopped
1 teaspoon of ginger, grated
1/2 a chili, trimmed, chopped
1/8 teaspoon ground asafoetida
1/4 teaspoon black mustard seeds (optional)
1/2 teaspoon of vegetable oil
salt to taste

METHOD

  1.  In a small bowl, combine the yogurt, chopped tomatoes, coriander, ginger, chili, asafoetida, the cooled mustard seeds, and salt.   Serve as a cooling agent to Dal Makhani, or use as a dipping sauce.
  2. Tempering (optional).  Add the oil to a small frying pan on medium high heat, then add the black mustard seeds to where the oil has pooled and settled.  The seeds will start to bubble, it will crackle and pop, turn the heat down to low, while the seeds finish popping in the residual heat.  Tempering is finished when the seeds have stopped popping.  Let cool.

Note:  Be careful when you are tempering, the oil can heat up quickly and I find mustard seeds can burn in a blink of an eye.  Also, if you are not used to tempering,  it can be tricky to handle popping seeds covered in hot oil, so keep a lid handy to cover the pan, while the seeds finish popping.

DAL MAKHANI – lentils in tomato sauce

img_99945Dal Makhani is an excellent example of how simple cooking can lead to a beautiful rustic plate of comfort food.  Dal refers to the lentils that encapsulate this stew.  I only say stew for a lack of a better word,  and I definitely will not say that this is a curry.  Yes, the word curry can be used to describe vegetables or meat in an array of spices, but I find this term too general.  img_99542
The dal in this recipe refers to a combination of urad dal (black lentils or black gram), rajma (red kidney beans), and chaana dal (chickpeas).  The chickpeas is not original to the recipe, I like the contrast of colour that the chickpeas provide. This further exemplifies the motto of homemade cooking, which is to use whatever is handy for you, and of course this includes canned lentils or beans.  If using canned lentils or beans, skip ahead to where the cooked lentils are introduced to the sauce. Makhani refers to cooking with butter,  so essentially we are making lentils with butter in a velvety tomato sauce.
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INGREDIENTS 

LENTILS
3/4 cup (150 grams) dried urad dal/black gram
1/4 cup (50 grams) dried red kidney beans
1/4 cup (50 grams) dried chickpeas
1 1/2 inch of ginger, peeled, sliced thinly
3 cloves of garlic, peeled, sliced thinly
2 green chilis, sliced thinly
1 teaspoon of salt

SAUCE
2 tablespoons of butter
1 teaspoon of cumin seeds
1/4 teaspoon of fenugreek seeds
1/8 teaspoon of ground asafoetida
2 cloves of garlic, chopped finely
1 1/2 -2 cups of tomato sauce
1 tablespoon of red chili powder
1/4 cup heavy cream or greek yogurt

TO FINISH
1 teaspoon of ground garam masala
3-4 tablespoons of butter
salt to taste
coriander, chopped
juice of a lemon or lime

METHOD

  1. The Lentils.  Method 1: Soak the lentils in cold water overnight, then rinse and drain.  Add 4 cups of cold water, or the amount required to have the lentils submerged 1 1/2 inches in water, add the sliced ginger, garlic, chili, salt, and bring them up to a boil.  Once boiling, turn heat to simmer, and let the lentils cook until tender, about 1 1/2 hours.  Drain and reserve any excess cooking water for later.  Set aside.  Method 2 (a bit quicker): Soak the lentils in boiling water for 2-3 hours, then rinse and drain; continue with the directions from Method 1.  Feel free to use canned lentils to save even further on time.  Note: I find the black lentils will be more done than the kidney beans and chickpeas, but I prefer this end result, as it adds a velvety texture to the sauce.
  2. In a saute pan, melt the butter on medium heat, let it foam, until slightly browned.  Add the cumin and fenugreek seeds, and toast for 30 seconds or until fragrant.  Reduce the heat to low, add the ground asafoetida, the chopped garlic, and toast slightly, being careful not to burn the garlic.  Pour in the tomato sauce, increasing the heat to medium high and let mixture simmer for 1 minute.
  3. Add the cooked lentils, the chili powder, along with the reserved cooking water to loosen the sauce to the consistency you prefer, keeping in mind that the sauce still has to further simmer for 20-30 minutes to amalgamate all of the flavours.  Let the mixture simmer on low heat, stirring occasionally, and if you wish, you can use the back of your ladle to mash some of the lentils to aid to its final texture.  With 5 minutes to go of the simmering time, add the cream, which is traditional, but I didn’t have any, so I added Greek yogurt, which I had handy.  Take it off the heat.
  4. To finish.  Just before serving, while the dal is still hot, finish with as much butter as you like, and the garam masala.  Taste and adjust the salt as required, along with a squeeze of lemon or lime to cut through the richness, and sprinkle with coriander.  Serve with naan or chapati, rice, and with tomato pachadi.